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涂裝生產線的七大組成部分主要包括：前處理設備、噴粉系統、噴漆設備、烘爐、熱源系統、電控系統、懸掛輸送鏈等。

前處(chu)理設(she)備(bei)

噴淋(lin)式多(duo)工(gong)位前處(chu)理(li)(li)機組是表面處(chu)理(li)(li)常用的設備，其原(yuan)理(li)(li)是利用機械沖(chong)刷(shua)加(jia)速化學反應來(lai)完成除(chu)油、磷(lin)化、水洗等(deng)工(gong)藝過程。鋼件(jian)噴淋(lin)式前處(chu)理(li)(li)的典型(xing)工(gong)藝是：預(yu)脫脂、脫脂、水洗、水洗、表調、磷(lin)化、水洗、水洗、純水洗。前處(chu)理(li)(li)還可采用拋丸清理(li)(li)機，適用于結(jie)構簡單、銹蝕(shi)嚴重(zhong)、無油或少油的鋼件(jian)。且無水質污染。

噴粉系統(tong)

粉(fen)(fen)體(ti)噴(pen)涂(tu)中的小旋風+濾(lv)芯回收裝置是較(jiao)，換色(se)較(jiao)快的粉(fen)(fen)末回收裝置。噴(pen)粉(fen)(fen)系(xi)統的關鍵部分(fen)建議選用進口產品，噴(pen)粉(fen)(fen)室(shi)、電動機械升降機等部件全(quan)部國產化。

噴漆(qi)設備

如油淋式噴漆(qi)室、水簾式噴漆(qi)室，廣泛運用于自(zi)行車、汽(qi)車鋼板彈簧(huang)、大(da)型(xing)裝載機的(de)表面(mian)涂裝。

烘(hong)爐

烘爐是涂裝生產線中的重要設備之一，它的溫度均勻性是涂層質量的重要指標。烘爐的加熱方式有：輻射、熱風循環及輻射+熱風循環等，根據生產綱領可分單室和通過式等，設備形式有直通式和橋式。熱風循環烘爐保溫性好、爐內溫度均勻、熱損失少，經測試，爐內溫差小于±3oC,達到同類產品的性能指標。

熱(re)源系(xi)統

熱風循環是目前(qian)應用較普遍的加(jia)熱方式，它利用對流傳導原理對烘(hong)爐進行加(jia)熱，  

電控系統

涂(tu)裝、涂(tu)裝流水線電氣控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有集中和單(dan)(dan)列(lie)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。集中控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)采(cai)用可(ke)編程序控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)（PLC）來控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主機，根據(ju)編制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)程序對各(ge)工序進(jin)行(xing)自動控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，數據(ju)采(cai)集和監視報警。單(dan)(dan)列(lie)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是涂(tu)裝生產線中常用的控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)，各(ge)個工序單(dan)(dan)列(lie)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，電控(kong)(kong)箱（柜）設置在設備附近，造價低、操作直(zhi)觀(guan)、維修(xiu)方(fang)便。

懸掛輸送(song)鏈

懸(xuan)(xuan)輸機(ji)是(shi)工業流(liu)水線(xian)、涂裝(zhuang)(zhuang)線(xian)的(de)(de)輸送(song)系統，積(ji)放(fang)式(shi)懸(xuan)(xuan)輸機(ji)應用(yong)于L=10-14M的(de)(de)倉(cang)儲貨架和(he)異型路燈合金鋼管涂裝(zhuang)(zhuang)線(xian)。工件吊裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)專(zhuan)用(yong)掛具上（承重達500-600KG），進出道岔(cha)平滑，道岔(cha)根據工作指(zhi)令由電(dian)氣(qi)控制進行(xing)開(kai)合，滿(man)足工件在(zai)各處理工位的(de)(de)自(zi)動輸送(song)，在(zai)強冷(leng)室、下(xia)件區域(yu)內平行(xing)積(ji)放(fang)冷(leng)卻(que)，并在(zai)強冷(leng)區域(yu)設掛具識別和(he)牽引報警停(ting)機(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置。

工藝(yi)流程

涂裝生產線工藝流程分為：前處理、噴粉涂裝、加熱固化。

前(qian)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前(qian)有手動(dong)簡易工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)前(qian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)，后(hou)者又分自(zi)(zi)動(dong)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)淋(lin)和(he)(he)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)浸噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)兩種工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)在(zai)(zai)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)前(qian)必(bi)須(xu)進(jin)(jin)行表(biao)(biao)面(mian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)去(qu)油(you)去(qu)銹(xiu)。在(zai)(zai)這一(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)段(duan)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)液(ye)(ye)較(jiao)多(duo)，主要(yao)有除銹(xiu)劑、除油(you)劑、表(biao)(biao)調(diao)劑、磷化(hua)(hua)劑等(deng)等(deng)。在(zai)(zai)涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)前(qian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)段(duan)或(huo)(huo)車間(jian)(jian)，要(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就是制定必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)酸(suan)強(qiang)堿購買、運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)、保(bao)(bao)管(guan)和(he)(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)制度(du)(du)(du)，給工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)提供必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)著裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，安全可靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盛裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、搬運(yun)、配(pei)置(zhi)器具(ju)，以(yi)及(ji)制定萬一(yi)發(fa)生事故時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緊急處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)措(cuo)施、搶救辦法。其次，在(zai)(zai)涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)前(qian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)段(duan)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)存在(zai)(zai)一(yi)定量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廢(fei)氣、廢(fei)液(ye)(ye)等(deng)三廢(fei)物質，所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)環保(bao)(bao)措(cuo)施方面(mian)，必(bi)須(xu)配(pei)置(zhi)抽氣排氣、排液(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)三廢(fei)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。前(qian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)過的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)質量(liang)(liang)，由于(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)液(ye)(ye)及(ji)涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)流程不盡(jin)相同，其質量(liang)(liang)當有差異。處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)較(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，表(biao)(biao)面(mian)油(you)、銹(xiu)去(qu)盡(jin)，為了(le)防止短時(shi)間(jian)(jian)內再次生銹(xiu)，一(yi)般應(ying)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)幾道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，進(jin)(jin)行磷化(hua)(hua)或(huo)(huo)鈍化(hua)(hua)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)：在(zai)(zai)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)前(qian)，還應(ying)將已磷化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)進(jin)(jin)行干(gan)(gan)燥，去(qu)其表(biao)(biao)面(mian)水(shui)分。小批(pi)量(liang)(liang)單件(jian)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，一(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)晾(liang)干(gan)(gan)、曬干(gan)(gan)、風干(gan)(gan)。而(er)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)批(pi)量(liang)(liang)之(zhi)流水(shui)作業，一(yi)般采取(qu)低(di)溫烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)烘(hong)(hong)箱或(huo)(huo)烘(hong)(hong)道。組織生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)小批(pi)量(liang)(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，一(yi)般采取(qu)手動(dong)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，而(er)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)批(pi)量(liang)(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，一(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)(yong)手動(dong)或(huo)(huo)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。無論是手動(dong)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)或(huo)(huo)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)，把住質量(liang)(liang)關(guan)是非(fei)常重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。要(yao)確(que)保(bao)(bao)被(bei)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)著粉(fen)(fen)(fen)均(jun)勻(yun)、厚(hou)度(du)(du)(du)一(yi)致，防止薄(bo)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)、漏噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)、擦落(luo)等(deng)缺(que)陷。在(zai)(zai)涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)引(yin)這一(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，還應(ying)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)之(zhi)掛鉤部分，在(zai)(zai)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)固化(hua)(hua)之(zhi)前(qian)，應(ying)盡(jin)可能(neng)將附著其上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)吹掉(diao)，防止掛鉤上之(zhi)多(duo)余粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)固化(hua)(hua)，有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)固化(hua)(hua)前(qian)去(qu)掉(diao)余粉(fen)(fen)(fen)確(que)有困難(nan)時(shi)，應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)剝離掛鉤上已固化(hua)(hua)之(zhi)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)膜，從而(er)確(que)保(bao)(bao)掛鉤導(dao)電(dian)(dian)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)，以(yi)利(li)下(xia)批(pi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)易于(yu)(yu)(yu)著粉(fen)(fen)(fen)。固化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)這一(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)應(ying)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事項有：噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，如(ru)果是小批(pi)量(liang)(liang)單件(jian)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，進(jin)(jin)固化(hua)(hua)爐前(qian)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)防止碰落(luo)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)，如(ru)有擦粉(fen)(fen)(fen)現(xian)象(xiang)，應(ying)及(ji)時(shi)補噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)。烘(hong)(hong)烤時(shi)嚴(yan)格工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)及(ji)溫度(du)(du)(du)、時(shi)間(jian)(jian)控制，切(qie)實注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)防止色(se)差、過烘(hong)(hong)或(huo)(huo)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)過短造成固化(hua)(hua)不足。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)批(pi)量(liang)(liang)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，在(zai)(zai)進(jin)(jin)烘(hong)(hong)道前(qian)同樣要(yao)仔(zi)細(xi)檢(jian)查是否漏噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)、噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)薄(bo)或(huo)(huo)局(ju)部擦粉(fen)(fen)(fen)現(xian)象(xiang)，如(ru)發(fa)現(xian)不合(he)格件(jian)，應(ying)把好(hao)(hao)關(guan)防止進(jin)(jin)入(ru)烘(hong)(hong)道，盡(jin)可能(neng)取(qu)下(xia)重噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)。如(ru)個別工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)因薄(bo)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)不合(he)格，在(zai)(zai)固化(hua)(hua)出烘(hong)(hong)道后(hou)可以(yi)重噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)再次固化(hua)(hua)。所(suo)謂涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)即(ji)指對(dui)金屬和(he)(he)非(fei)金屬表(biao)(biao)面(mian)覆蓋(gai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層或(huo)(huo)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾(shi)層。涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)流水(shui)線(xian)(xian)經(jing)歷(li)了(le)由手工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)到(dao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)、到(dao)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展過程，自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程度(du)(du)(du)越(yue)來越(yue)高，所(suo)以(yi)涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)也越(yue)來越(yue)廣(guang)泛，并(bing)深入(ru)到(dao)國民(min)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)個領域。應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)特點涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)流水(shui)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)特點：涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)流水(shui)線(xian)(xian)設備適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)漆、噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)塑處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)批(pi)量(liang)(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)作業，配(pei)合(he)懸(xuan)掛輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)機、電(dian)(dian)軌小車、地(di)面(mian)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)機等(deng)運(yun)送(song)機械形成運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)作業。

工程工藝布置：

1、噴塑線：上輸送(song)鏈(lian)——噴塑——烘干（10min、180℃-220℃）——冷(leng)卻——下件

2、噴(pen)(pen)漆(qi)(qi)線(xian)：上輸送鏈——靜電除塵——底漆(qi)(qi)——流平——面漆(qi)(qi)——流平——烘干（30min、80℃）——冷卻——下件油漆(qi)(qi)噴(pen)(pen)涂主要有油淋(lin)式噴(pen)(pen)漆(qi)(qi)室(shi)、水簾式噴(pen)(pen)漆(qi)(qi)室(shi)，廣泛(fan)運用于自行(xing)車(che)、汽車(che)鋼板彈簧、大型裝(zhuang)載機的表面涂裝(zhuang)。 

烘爐是(shi)涂裝(zhuang)生產線中的重要設備之(zhi)一，它的溫度均勻性是(shi)涂層質(zhi)量(liang)的重要指標(biao)。烘爐的加熱(re)(re)(re)方式(shi)(shi)有：輻射、熱(re)(re)(re)風循環及輻射+熱(re)(re)(re)風循環等，根據(ju)生產綱領可分(fen)單室和通(tong)過式(shi)(shi)等，設備形(xing)式(shi)(shi)有直(zhi)通(tong)式(shi)(shi)和橋式(shi)(shi)。